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　　四、閱讀理解

　　B

　　Generations of Americans have been brought up tobelieve that a good breakfast is essential to one's life. Eating breakfast at the start of the day, we have beentold,and told again, is as necessary as putting gasoline in the family car before starting a trip. But for many people, the thought of food as the first thing in the morning is never a pleasure So despite all the efforts,they still take no breakfast.

　　Between 1977 and 1983, the latest year for which figures could be obtained, the number of people who didn't have breakfast increased by 33%from 8.8 million to 11.7 million--according to the Chicago-based Market Research Corporation of AmericA.For those who dislike eating breakfast, however, there is some good news.

　　Several studies in the last few years have shown that,for adults especially, there may be nothing wrong with omitting breakfast. "Going without breakfast doesnot affect work,"said Arnold E.Bender, former professor of nutrition at Queen Elizabeth College in London, "nor does giving people breakfast improve work. " Scientific evidence linking breakfast to better health or better work is surprisingly inadequate(不充分) ,and most of the recent work involves children, not adults. "The literature," says one researcher, Dr. Earnest Polite at the University of Texas, "is poor."

　　40、Which of these is mentioned in the second paragraph?

　　A.The number of the people who skip breakfast has increased.

　　B.Many people fill their cars with gasoline in the morning.

　　C.8.8 million people got involved in a study on eating habits.

　　D.A company carried out a research in 1983.

　　41、Which is closest in meaning to the underlined part?

　　A.Having breakfast does not improve work, either.

　　B.Giving people breakfast improves work.

　　C.Going without breakfast can improve work, too.

　　D.Having breakfast does improve work.

　　42、What does the word "literature" in the last sentence refer to?

　　A.Modem American literature; B.Any printed materials.

　　C.Written works on a subject; D.Stories, poems and plays.

　　43、Which of the following statements best summarizes the writer's conclusion about the function of breakfast?

　　A.Omitting breakfast helps improve work.

　　B.Eating breakfast is absolutely necessary.

　　C.Scientists have produced sufficient evidence in support of breakfast.

　　D.There isn't strong evidence to prove that breakfast is a must.

　　C

　　When you stretch out in the sun you can do oneof the three things: you can use no sun tan oil, an

　　ordinary sun tan oil; or Bergasol.If you don't use any sun tan oil when you're inthe sun, you will burn surprisingly quickly. If you usean ordinary sun tan oil, you will protect your skin to a lesser or greater degree.How much protection depends on the "protection-factor number" on the bottle. Some oils block out so many of the sun's rays and you can stay in the sun all day without burning but you won't go very brown,either.

　　Bergasol will protect your skin like an ordinarysun tan oil. It also has a tan accelerator that speeds up the rate at which the sun activates the skin cells that produce melanin(黑色素). It is melanin that gives the skin its brown colour. Bergasol enables you to gobrown faster,am as the days pass the difference will become more obvious.Unfortunately, this special formulation isn't Cheap to prepare.So Bergasol is rather more expensive than ordinary sun tan oil. However, the price looks more attractive as you do.

　　Bergasoi It makes you go brown fasterProtection Many people imagine that "cover-up" means you don't get a tan. Nothing to show for your holiday.Not so. With "cover-up", you can get brown if you want to. The point of "cover-up" is to protectyour skin from the harmful rays of the sun which,according to the experts ,make your skin look older.

　　That's what Solex Cover-up is all about--protection for your skin. It has a Sun Protection Factor 8, which makes it suitable for anyone. Find out how it works for you by consulting the Solex Sun Chart. On sale wherever Solex is. With Solex Cover-up, you can tan as slowly as you like. As gently as you like. And with much less chance of peeling. Your tan will look better. Yourskin will stay young longer.

　　Solex Gentle tan.., full protection.

　　44、What can we learn from the second advertisement?

　　A.It is easy to get a suntan in summer.

　　B.Suntan is regarded as a sign of protection.

　　C.Sunlight could make one look older.

　　D.Everyone wants to get a suntan from holiday.

　　45、Why is Solex suitable for everyone?

　　A.Its price is more attractive.

　　B.It can be used to relieve sunburn.

　　C.It can make the skin cells more active.

　　D.It has a mild protection factor.

　　46、Compared with Solex, Bergasol__

　　A.helps one go brown more quickly

　　B.better protects one's skin

　　CB.is more competitive in price

　　D.is a better sun tan oil

　　47、What is the most attractive feature of Solex Cover-up?

　　A.It helps one get a more beautiful tan.

　　B.It is often on sale in supermarkets.

　　C.It blocks out more sun's rays than other oils.

　　D.It helps one tan gradually and gently.

　　D

　　Ideas about polite behaviour differ from one culture to another.Some societies, such as America and Australia,for example, are mobile and very open. People here change jobs and move house quite often. As a m result, they have a lot of relationships that often last only ma short time, and they need to get to know people quickly. So it's normal to have friendly conversations with people that they have just met, and you can talk about things that other cultures would regard as

　　personal.

　　On the other hand, there are more crowded and less mobile societies where long-term relationships are more important. A Malaysian or Mexican business person, for example,will want to get to know you very well before he or she feels happy to start business. But when you do get to know each other, the relationship becomes much deeper than it would in a mobile society.

　　To Americans, both Europeans and Asians seem cool and formal at first. On the other hand, as a passenger from a less mobile society puts it, it's no fun spending several hours next to a stranger who wants to tell you all about his or her life and asks you all sorts of questions that you don't want to answer.

　　Cross-cultural differences aren't just a problem for travelers, but also for people in daily life. Some societies have " universalist'' cultures. These societies strongly respect rules, and they treat every person and situation in basically the same way. "Particularist" ( 強調特性的)societies also have rules, but they are less important than the society's unwritten ideas about what is right or wrong for a particular situation or a particular person. So the normal rules are changed to fit the needs of the situation or the importance of the person.

　　48.What can be learned from Paragraph 1?

　　A.People from a mobile society dislike talking about personal affairs.

　　B.Short-term relationships are common in a mobile society.

　　B.Americans tend to make more friends than people from other cultures.

　　D.It is difficult for Americans and Australians to communicate with strangers.

　　49、Who do Malaysians prefer to start business with according to the passage?

　　A.Those who talk a lot about themselves.

　　B.Those who they know well enough.

　　C.Those who enjoy talking with strangers.

　　D.Those who want to do business with them.

　　50、Which of the following is true about the rules in "particularist" societies?

　　A.They change to fit different situations.

　　B.People respect and obey them completely.

　　C.They don't exist.

　　D.No one obeys them.

　　51、What is the main idea of this passage?

　　A.Polite behaviour varies with different cultures.

　　B.Less mobile societies have fewer rules.

　　C.People from mobile societies are more polite.

　　D.Cultural differences are important.

　　參考答案：

　　40-43：AACD; 44-47：CDAD; 48-51：BBAA

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